Uphill: Question and End

Angela Wigger Rosebrough English Comp II October 5, 2012 Explication Essay â€Å"Uphill† composed by Christina Rossetti, this sonnet is clarifying life as an excursion and life’s unavoidable demise. This sonnet tells the peruser that regardless of what we face in life there will be tough situations that we should persevere. Life’s street will never be simple and regardless of how we decide to carry on with our life, passing is a definitive value we should pay. We should attempt to live the best we know in what capacity that at long last we will discover comfort in our resting place. Rossetti establishes the pace of this sonnet as conversational.A question is asked by her and somebody at that point answers her. This example is utilized all through the whole sonnet. Four verses are utilized, two inquiries are posed and two answers are given. The cadence of this sonnet gives the peruser the vibe as though they were climbing â€Å"uphill†. The musicality utili zed is ABAB. The meter utilized in this sonnet gives the peruser a sentiment of pacing ventures as though they were climbing. There is a rotating example of five burdens for every line (pentameter) at that point three anxieties for each line (trimester). â€Å"Uphill† begins by posing an inquiry â€Å"Does the street twist tough as far as possible? Rossetti is essentially inquiring as to whether life’s venture is tough. At that point in the second line somebody answers her back saying, â€Å"Yes, as far as possible. † This gives the peruser a sentiment of trouble, imagining that life will be a long excursion with numerous difficulties ahead. In line three and four there is another inquiry with an answer. â€Å"Will the excursion take the entire day long? †(3)/â€Å"From morn to night, old buddy. †(4) The words in these four lines keep on giving the peruser a sentiment of disquiet. They are telling the peruser that life is troublesome and will be l ong.As we gone to the second refrain Rossetti starts to pose inquiries about the difficulties that might be looked as the excursion is voyage. In line five â€Å"But is there for a night a resting place? † Then in line six is addressed â€Å"A rooftop for when the moderate dim hours start. † In line five Rossetti is inquiring as to whether there will be spot to rest toward the finish of her excursion of life. The reaction is yes there will be where you will discover a kind of harmony. In line seven Rossetti is asking how she will have the option to discover this spot, â€Å"May not the haziness conceal it from my face? † The creator is trusting she will discover this place.The answer in line eight consoles her that she will discover the spot, â€Å"You can't miss that motel. † By the finish of line eight the peruser can accept that there is a conclusion to the excursion, some spot, some place the peruser has faith in when the finish of life comes. As the peruser keeps on perusing lines nine and ten, we see that the creator is posing inquiries around ones who have voyage this long street previously. The inquiry posed is, â€Å"Shall I meet different wayfarers around evening time? † Is then replied with, â€Å"Those who have gone previously. † This answer reveals to her that the ones who have voyage this street will be there holding up in the end.As we read line eleven the inquiry is returned back to the subject of the â€Å"inn†. â€Å"Then must I thump, or call when just in sight? † Again this inquiry makes the peruser consider the finish of the excursion. â€Å"They won't keep you remaining at that entryway. † The appropriate response tells her that the voyagers that have past won't leave her there, they will take her in. In the fourth refrain the peruser sees the genuine inquiry being posed. The creator at long last poses the fundamental inquiry, â€Å"Shall I discover comfort, travel-sore and f rail? † This inquiry is posed to see whether at long last she is going to wind up where she ought to be.She needs to know whether this spot will be agreeable for her or on the off chance that she will even like it there. Line fourteen offers her the response, â€Å"Of work you will discover the whole. † This answer is disclosing to her that relying upon the manner in which she carries on with her life will decide how agreeable she will be. The last lines of the sonnet the creator is attempting to bring back her unique inquiry of solace by posing, â€Å"Will there be beds for me and all who look for? † The appropriate response she gets is, essentially, †Yea, beds for all who come. † As the peruser arrives at the finish of this sonnet, we wonder, who is noting these questions.Is it somebody who has voyage this street previously? Rossetti left this inquiry for the peruser to respond in due order regarding themselves. Whatever element we pick it to be. Re gardless of whether it be God, or Jesus, or whatever the peruser has faith in. Rossetti composes this sonnet with basic cadence and discussion. This is her perspective on life’s venture, with all the difficulties we face, at long last ideally harmony and solace will be found. Tough by: Christina Rossetti (1830-1894) Does the street wrap up-slope as far as possible? Indeed, to the end. Will the day's excursion take the entire taxing day? From morn to night, old buddy. In any case, is there for the night a resting-place?A rooftop for when the moderate dim hours start. May not the dimness conceal it from my face? You can't miss that motel. Will I meet different wayfarers around evening time? The individuals who have gone previously. At that point must I thump, or call when just in sight? They won't keep you remaining at that entryway. Will I discover comfort, travel-sore and frail? Of work you will discover the aggregate. Will there be beds for me and all who look for? Yea, beds for all who come. Work Cited Kennedy, X. J. , and Dana Gioia. Knapsack writing: a prologue to fiction, verse, dramatization, and composing. fourth ed. Boston: Pearson, 2012. Print. MLA designing by BibMe. organization.

Greek Fire, the Most Powerful Weapon of Byzantine Army Essay -- Byzant

War is the dad of all things.1 Volkman starts his book, Science Goes to War, with this statement from Heraclitus, the Greek rationalist. Volkman utilizes the statement to propose that many, if not every single, logical headway owe their introduction to the world to the longing for or the dread of war. Discharge is without a doubt a piece of this headway as Bert Hall brings up, Shoot is one of the early stage powers of nature, and ignitable weapons have had a spot in armed forces' toolboxs for nearly insofar as cultivated states have made war.2 Of the considerable number of apparatuses at the removal of the Byzantine Empire's military, the 'supposed' Greek discharge was the most important.3 Greek shoot was a weapon framework that permitted Byzantine boats, as right on time as the seventh century, to heave discharge at its foes. On the boat's front was the leader of a lion or some other enormity, cast in metal or iron. In it's mouth was a bronze siphon that could turn back and forth.4 The blazing fluid that regurgitated from this siphon accompanied the thundering sound and a dark haze of smoke. What aggravates it is that it even consumes while in water.5 The dread it imparted in adversaries in some cases egged men in full plate protective layer to jump in the water, realizing they will be hauled down to the base basically in light of the fact that suffocating was desirable over being scorched alive.6 Such a dazzling mammoth of a weapon was at that point inclined to legend and gossip. In any case, even as true to life as Greek fire seemed to be, its haze of equivocalness is, to be perfectly honest, silly. Put as precisely and exquisitely as could be expected under the circumstances, Greek fire was a misnomer enveloped by a misguided judgment, confounded in interpretation, hidden in mystery, and adorned with apocrypha.7 At one point, one of the Byzantine sovereigns wrote in a letter to his child that Greek fire was uncovered and ta... ...timore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1960. p. 19. Parkington, James Riddick Parkington. Beginnings and Development of Applied Chemistry. New York: Arno Press, 1975. Roland, Alex. Audit of A History of Greek Fire and Gunpowder, by James Riddick Parkington, Technology and Culture, Vol. 41. No. 1 (Jan., 2000). Roland, Alex. â€Å"Secrecy, Technology, and War: Greek Fire and the Defense of Byzantium, 678-1204.† Technology and Culture Vol. 33, No. 4 (1992): 655-679. Russel, Bertrand. History of Western Philosophy. London: George Allen and Unwin LTD, 1946. p. 60. Stannard, Jerry. Survey of A History of Greek Fire and Gunpowder, by James Riddick Parkington, Philosophy of Science, Vol. 29. No. 4 (Oct., 1962). Volkman, Ernest. Science Goes to War: The Search for the Ultimate Weapon, from Greek Fire to Star Wars. New York:John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2002.

My Values in Life

My Values in Life Qualities will be characteristics that one considers to be beneficial and all things considered, go about as the main impetus in their lives. A person’s values outweigh different characteristics and along these lines direct the way where an individual may act specifically occurrences. In my life, I have various qualities that I hold dear.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on My Values in Life explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More These qualities are because of my childhood, my standards in life just as my socialization. In this article, I will distinguish the basic beliefs that I hold and the way in which they impact my regular decisions, activities and plans that I make. One of the instructive qualities that are principal to me is accomplishment. This is because of my conviction that what characterizes me most as an individual is my assurance to succeed and my craving to make a positive commitment to society through my profession. Accomplishmen t is in this manner one of the qualities that is generally essential to me since in today’s world, accomplishment and achievement are for the most part integrated with instructive achievement. Accordingly, I hold my instructive adventures in high regard since training is one of the roads where one’s assurance prompts quantifiable achievement. I significantly esteem cozy associations with my companions and continually try to solidify the equivalent. This is on the grounds that old buddies can help one accomplish his/her objectives throughout everyday life and can in some cases even be nearer than family. Therefore, I contribute a great deal of time and exertion in my dear companions. I focus on it to be a piece of the critical minutes in my friends’ lives, for example, their birthday events, wedding days and even child dedicating functions. What's more, I generally guarantee that I ask with regards to their well creatures occasionally. Development and self-awaren ess for me is a central worth and its significance in my life can't be downplayed. It is my accept that my life isn't worth a lot on the off chance that I don't endeavor to continually enhance my accomplishments just as in improving as an individual. This estimation of individual developed and advancement incredibly impacts on my everyday living particularly with regards to building up new relations. It is commonly my standard that on the off chance that another connection won't increase a mind-blowing value, at that point I ought not burn through my time investigating it. One of the steady real factors in human life is that we will consistently be encircled by destitute individuals. All things considered, on a social level, I generally endeavor to give my administrations to the less lucky. As I would like to think, an actual existence all around lived is one that is lived so that it has any kind of effect to somebody else’s life. This is the way of thinking with which I have driven my life so far and consistently, I attempt to have any kind of effect in the lives of the individuals that encompass me. Helping others is along these lines a worth that I esteem in myself as well as in others. While cutting edge living has to some degree lead to a debasement of the estimation of family from what it used to be in gone years, I despite everything hold the estimation of family to be significant in my life. To me, one’s relatives are the ones who will remain by you regardless of the circumstance and support you through life’s troubles.Advertising Looking for article on theory? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While I figure that family may not generally be strong or as perfect as I imagine it, in my experience my family is intently weave and consistently goes to bat for me. I along these lines consistently have my family at the top of the priority list when settling on my choices and consi der how my activities will influence them. Moreover, I attempt look for direction from individuals from the family who are more experienced than I am before settling on stupendous choices throughout my life. It has been contended that legitimate people are a withering variety. This announcement remains constant in our free enterprise society where benefits and individual additions are the essential goals. The methods by which one goes to make progress is regularly disregarded and all things considered, whatever it takes to get the job done, so be it. Indeed, even amidst such a situation, I despite everything hold genuineness as one of my fundamental beliefs. Unquestionably, this is for the most part because of my childhood whereby fair was hailed and untruthfulness evaded. Additionally, I have come to understand that when one makes progress however trustworthiness, the degree of fulfillment that accompanies it is genuinely unmatched by some other inclination. Inferable from my child hood, I have a tremendous respect for religion. Accordingly, one of my profound qualities is drawing in myself in some strict association. While the facts demonstrate that the vast majority of my strict qualities are because of my childhood, I have after some time come to hold onto them as my own and in this way make it my own obligation to be effectively associated with my strict association. To me, this achieves a feeling of equalization and causes me be increasingly intelligent and grateful in my life. My strict qualities sway on my dynamic since I do whatever it takes not to settle on decisions which are in opposition to my strict convictions. In this paper, I have recognized a portion of the qualities that I hold dear to me. I have additionally recognized how this qualities sway on the decisions that I make too the moves that I make. From this profound investigation of my qualities, I have gone to the acknowledgment that my qualities significantly direct how I treat the individ uals around me just as how I organize on issues. I accept that because of my qualities, I endeavor more diligently to accomplish the things that I need throughout everyday life and all things considered, I am a superior individual because of them.

Student Success Paper free essay sample

My Success Strategy Plan Success Strategy Plan Step 1: Student Success Strategies 1. What three achievement systems (from the Student Success Strategies Guide) will you plan on utilizing all through your degree program to assist you with being an effective understudy? My first methodologies is to plan times to consider and do assignments , The second to go to all the live talk meetings and third to sign into the Virtual Campus in any event two times every day. 2. For what reason will these techniques be generally useful to you? Doing these means will safeguard me that I have finished all task on schedule and of up and coming assignments. I will likewise be turning in my task on the due date and not afterward. 3. How have you changed your daily practice all through this course to coordinate these procedures into your everyday action? I have changed my routine only a little through this course in light of the fact that since I’m not ready to go to all the live talks now I have been making a point to watch the documented visit so I can stay aware of task, I have been refreshing my schedule day by day too 4. We will compose a custom paper test on Understudy Success Paper or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page What did you gain from your classmates’ conversation board reactions that will assist you with turning into an increasingly fruitful understudy? In what capacity will you approach getting that help? I have joined the understudy guide transport club and have begin asking about an understudy coach and I likewise have my sweetheart helping me to remember cutoff times and help with assignments that I may require help with; two heads are superior to one. 4. Rundown the momentary objectives you have, alongside cutoff times. Transient objectives would be Good evaluations, character building, and beginning of the school year with high GPA 3. 5 †4. 0 5. Rundown the drawn out objectives you have, alongside cutoff times. Long haul objective first is to win my Degree in business organization, dead line for this is 05/15/2012 second objective is to enter a profession in my degree field; cutoff time for this is 3 to a half year after graduation. 6. What did you find out about yourself when you finished the self-evaluation? I discovered that with this tactician I shouldn’t have an issue with adjusting work, school, and my public activity. I realized what my qualities and shortcomings are. I additionally have discovered that I have to direct my feelings of anxiety so I can all the more likely do the things I have to manage without difficulties. . Talk about what you should do so as to effectively meet the objectives you have set for yourself. I should place moving every one of these means and apparatuses to effectively meet the objectives I have set for myself. Id I adhere to this individual rubric I have made for myself I ought to have the option to go through my classes with no issue Step 3: Care er Planning Management 1. In light of what you realized in your instructor’s Live Chat and what you think about yourself, OK view yourself as a profession changer or somebody why should working development in their field? Why? In light of educator Jan’s live talks and what I think about myself I would see myself as somebody who is attempting to progress in my vocation field since I have consistently been a social butterfly and feel that I would do very well in an any kind of business field. Going to acquiring this degree will help ensure that happens 2. How might you portray the positive and negative parts of your present profession or circumstance? The positive parts of my present profession circumstance would be that pay, I work at a stockroom doing general work so this is something that I’m doing just to cover the tab. The negative parts of the activity are the physical pressure and mental pressure working in a distribution center put on me. The hours are extremely long and the work isn’t simple 3. What are your prompt and post-graduation profession objectives? My post graduation vocation objective is to begin a profession or even an occupation with my degree. I couldn't want anything more than to work at a real business with an office setting or a firm or some likeness thereof; not any more physical work. A quick objective of mine is to make A’s or B’s in the entirety of my classes. 4. How does your decision of degree program at Colorado Technical University identify with these vocation objectives? My degree program has a great deal to do with my profession objectives. I pick this degree on the grounds that my profession objective is to be ready to go organization or even business the executives. As I expressed before I have for the longest time been itching to work in Corporate America 5. What are the difficulties and deterrents you hope to look as you endeavor to meet your profession objectives? A few Challenges and deterrents I hope to look as I endeavor to meet my vocation objectives would be life. I accept work my hold me up a bit, why I state life is on the grounds that with life you don’t consistently have control of what will occur. Life occurs and things may disrupt the general flow. 6. In particular, how would you intend to conquer these difficulties and impediments? Ideally I can use my time the executives aptitude on these irregular life obstructions to ensure they don’t remove to much time from class work and my objectives. 7. If you don't mind list 5-7 vocation choices you feel are both attractive and likely upon graduation. General Management, Hospitality Management, Office Admin, Operations Management, Retail Management, Sales Management, Assistant Product Manager, Human Resources Specialist, and Public Relations Rep. 8. What help do you believe you will require from the college or others in your life to arrive at your profession objectives? I believe I should utilize all the apparatuses and projects for help that the college offers, for example, guides, learning labs, and understudy tutors and from others in my life a little inspiration and some useful analysis. Achievement Strategy Plan Step 4: Technology Skills In This course I have taken in a great deal of new things and become familiar with certain things I know about. A great deal of the things I have learned are useful devices and projects that I getting a charge out of utilizing and will keep on utilizing them all through the ompletion of my degree program. One of the most significant apparatuses I have learn would need to be the APA Style composing, This is fundamentally an appropriate style of composing and organizing a paper accurately. I have likewise learned appropriate netiquette this being the first occasion when I have ever heard that there was a legitimate method to impart on the web. This has shown me how to frame messages and address the individual or person’s I’m talking or writing to in an individual and expert way. Step by step instructions to effectively shape message in conversation board and tossed a few other social sites. Going to class at this grounds has acquainted me with the universe of Virtual study halls; this is the first run through in my life that I have seen this sort of learning framework. I love the virtual study hall. I didn’t anticipate that it should be as nitty gritty as it seems to be; with the live chat’s and library and different projects on the virtual grounds it is really similar to you are in a 3D variant of school. This hands down would be the most ideal approach to figure out how to arrange online actually and expertly these new styles of learning with unquestionably help me with my expert vocation. Achievement Strategy Plan Step 5: Looking to the Future With all the new aptitudes I have learned over these two months and some old abilities that I have modified my technique plan should work brilliantly with helping me arrive at my present moment, long haul, and in me to be fruitful in my future. On the off chance that I utilize my very own rubric there ought to be no chance I can come up short. Keeping steady over my task won't possibly help me in school however when additionally in my vocation by being on top and sorted out. Setting up month to month schedules ought to likewise help me later on to monitor my day by day social, profession, and different parts of my life. Dealing with my feelings of anxiety and keeping myself rested and feeling positive should assist my expert habits with peers, colleagues, boss’s, and customers. Finishing my degree coarse with a decent GPA and Good evaluations will likewise protect me in whatever profession way I decide for later on. Just by me being in school and making a move to be in charge of my future is going to significantly increase my confidence. With an elevate regard I will unquestionably have the option to accomplish all my expert objectives just as my own objectives. On the off chance that I stay on course it is extremely unlikely I shouldn’t succeed. This new style of online school is successful and extremely accommodating; my time the executives ability will come close by with me presently working and going to class simultaneously. It may be a touch of testing now and again however I will consistently have this individual rubric to return to and follow on the off chance that I get derailed. This is my Success Strategy’s Plan for school, Career, and my public activity. I had an awesome time in the class and anticipate utilizing this in my different classes later on

Involuntary Intoxication - Free Essay Example

More than any other area of criminal law, intoxication demonstrates the clash between principle and policy. It is a fundamental principle of criminal law that liability should follow fault and that a person is only at fault if their behaviour is voluntary (actus reus) and the product of rational thought (mens rea). Strict adherence to this principle would acquit defendants who committed crimes whilst intoxicated if this impaired their ability to think and reason. However, as official statistics demonstrate that a vast amount of crime, particularly that involving violence, is committed whilst the defendant is intoxicated, there are clearly strong policy reasons to reject the strict application of principle as this would allow intoxicated defendants to avoid criminal liability. Such an approach would do nothing to protect the public from the intoxicated behaviour of others and would be contrary to the maintenance of law and order. The polarisation of principle and policy finds expression by way of a distinction made between voluntary and involuntary intoxication on the basis that the latter involves no fault on the part of the defendant. Voluntary intoxication, however, involves fault as a defendant has reduced himself to a state where he is less able to exercise rational and conscious control over his behaviour. Viewed in this light, it does not seem unreasonable to treat the situations differently. The delineation between voluntary and involuntary intoxication has sometimes proved problematic for the courts. Voluntary intoxication includes all situations in which a defendant has knowingly ingested alcohol or recreational drugs but also extends to situations whereby a defendant erroneously believes he has consumed only low-alcohol drinks (Allen [1988] Crim LR 698). Conversely, a person who knowingly takes prescription drugs will not fall within voluntary intoxication even if the drugs were not prescribed for him or he takes them in excessive qu antities. For example, in Hardie [1984] 3 All ER 848, the defendant took a quantity of anti-depressants prescribed for his girlfriend and, whilst under their influence, set fire to her flat. The Court of Appeal quashed his conviction on the basis that taking drugs with a well-known sedative effect should not be treated in the same way as alcohol and drugs known to cause unpredictable or aggressive behaviour thus should be treated as involuntary intoxication. A defendant will also fall within involuntary intoxication if he has been ‘spiked’ with alcohol or drugs without his knowledge. However, involuntary intoxication will only allow the defendant to avoid liability if the intoxication precludes him from forming the mens rea for the offence. In Kingston (1994) 99 Cr App R 286, the defendant was drugged without his knowledge or consent and, whilst under the influence of intoxicants, committed an act of indecency with a young boy. His conviction was restored by the Hous e of Lords on the basis that he formed the mens rea of the offence notwithstanding his intoxicated state and the fact that the intoxication was non-volitional did not alter that position. Irrespective of the seeming inequity of the outcome, Kingston exemplifies the principled application of the law with regards involuntary intoxication; if the defendant is capable of forming mens rea, he will be liable even though he had become intoxicated through no fault of his own. If, however, an involuntarily intoxicated defendant is incapable of forming mens rea, he will not be liable even if he only acted as he did because of the effects of the intoxicant. Here, the law is reflecting a principled approach that refuses to find liability in the absence of fault. Whilst involuntary intoxication represents the primacy of principle, the law on voluntary intoxication is policy-driven. A voluntarily intoxicated defendant will not be able to rely upon this to avoid liability; in fact, his intox ication will actually provide the mens rea of certain crimes. This derives from the House of Lords decision in Majewski [1977] AC 443 in which a defendant was not permitted to rely on voluntary intoxication to avoid liability for assaulting a police officer in the execution of his duty. The House of Lords held that voluntary intoxication operated differently in respect of crimes of specific and basic intent. A crime of specific intent is one which can only be committed intentionally where recklessness forms no part of the mens rea such as murder. In such cases, a defendant who is so intoxicated that he is incapable of forming mens rea will not be liable but a defendant who is capable of forming mens rea despite his intoxication will be liable: ‘drunken intent is still intent’ (Sheehan (1974) 60 Cr App R 308). This coincides with the principle approach evident in relation to involuntary intoxication. However, the House of Lords reserved the policy-driven ambit of t he law to crimes of basic intent: those involving recklessness. Here, a defendant will not be able to argue that his intoxication prevented the formation of mens rea. Moreover, the fact of intoxication will provide the mens rea needed to establish criminal liability on the basis that rendering oneself into a state of intoxication is a reckless act. This conclusion is directly contrary to the principle that a defendant must satisfy both actus reus and mens rea in order to be liable as prior recklessness in becoming intoxicated is not the same as the specific recklessness required for any particular offence thus demonstrates the triumph of policy over principle. These cases demonstrate the paradox that characterises intoxication. Principle determines the outcome in relation to voluntary intoxication for crimes of specific intent and all offences involving involuntary intoxication whilst policy prevails in relation to crimes of basic intent involving voluntary intoxication. Accordin gly, intoxication operates to acquit in relation to certain offences whilst it operates to convict in relation to others. It seems reasonable to state that not only is this an unhappy compromise between the need to maintain law and order and the need to identify fault before applying criminal sanction, it also epitomises a legal system that cannot decide which of these is to take priority. Word Count: 1000 words .

Example Leisure Management Essay - Free Essay Example

Critically evaluate the process of change management carried out by a leisure and sport organisation with which you are familiar. Use appropriate theory to evaluate the change management process in question. Sports and fitness has come a long way over time, it is now looked upon as an industry, which operates on a global scale. Sports and Fitness could comprise clubs, health centres, big games like the Olympics, football clubs, golf courses, championships and titles ranging a multitude of sports and games. Each of these activities are part of organisations which are run just like any other organisation with management control, finance, marketing, human resource management and strategy. Each of these areas contribute to the success or failure of the enterprise. Due to immense media coverage and sponsorships, the sector has become very active, glamorised and highly competitive. The competition in this sector is becoming stronger and more players realise the lucrative benefits this sector has to offer. Television and media have greatly publicised the health and sports segment, to an extent where people are beginning to see the advantages of being part of it. Many beauty pageants have also been instrumental in creating the message about beauty, health and fitness. The outcome has been a combination of fitness and leisure centres, these are training grounds for athletes and people who would like to achieve a fitness regime by being part of these centres. More and more people are now keen to be fit and involved in sports of some kind to keep up their fitness levels and be healthy. Crichter (1984) says, the paradox of sport is that it provides such moments of self-realisation even as it confirms their apparent impossibility elsewhere. It both realises human identity and denies other kinds of especially racial and sexual identity. It is both uncontaminated by the rest of social life and shot through with economic and political influences. It is both timeless and a product of history [Frank Kew (1997), p 12 25]. Sports and fitness are about helping create a self-identity, which is high on self-esteem, confidence and good belief. The following is information on sports psychology which helps understand the reasons behind so many fitness and leisure centres springing up across countries including UK. Another interesting quote about sports comes from Huizinga, 1972, Play is essentially a free activity quite consciously outside ordinary life as being not se rious, but at the same time absorbing the player intensely and utterly. Play has no material interest, and no profit can be gained by it. It proceeds within its own proper boundaries of time and space according to fixed rules and in an orderly manner. It promotes the formation of social groupings which tend to surround themselves with secrecy and to stress their differences from the common world by disguise or other means [Cox H. Richard (1998), p 15 30]. The feature about sports, which is of great interest, is that the ways these organisations work have wholly different perspectives. The social practices, rule structures are self-contained and independent and so applying management practices would need to take this psychology in context to the final argument. The people who work in this industry are also influenced by the way this industry operates, their psychology is determined by this. The concept of sports and fitness as joint collaborative projects can be analysed fu rther, there are social dynamics involved in this ball game. In this context, the social dynamics pertains to practitioners who interact with each other. As per Guttmann (1978), modern sports and fitness is monitored and handled by multinational companies, who administer and control the operations by local, regional or international levels. The people in this organisation exercise a lot of power, power to oversee and sanction athletes, teams and events make up rules and enforce them, organise events and certify records [Cox H. Richard (1998), p 20 34]. As the sports industry had gained momentum and is diffused with different social and national groups of personnel, the bureaucracy needed to oversee the governance process of sports have become more complex and powerful. In organisations driven by such force bringing about change would be a tall order, which would need more than good management skills. Although sports and health organisations are a new phenomenon compared to a lot of sectors and industries, which have been around for decades now, change management is a subject which will be difficult and need strategic management inputs when applied to this sector. Yet given the volatile markets and external environment, change would be a factor organisations cannot avoid. Change in any organisation could be triggered due to either internal or external circumstances. The organisation in question for this paper is a health club, which has three divisions sports, health and beauty and a leisure centre. For the sake of protecting the identity of the club, the name of the organisation has been changed to Fitness first. The problems in this organisation first started with the introduction of a new arm to the organisation Sports Centre, where world famous coaches along with fringe benefits of private training gave professional and prospective athletes the option of being part of a club. Fitness first was initiated and conceptualised in the year 2001, the infrastructure and management were the best in the industry and finance was not a problem since the funding came from heavy weights in the Sports industry. To begin with the senior management that was brought on board by the two directors were given a lot of autonomy in running the business and expansion plans. The first two years in the business witnessed an inflow of members who were ready to pay a hefty annual fee to be part of the club. This was because of the personal care and interest each member was able to enjoy along with the state of the art infrastructure. The members realised the value of such benefits and were promoting the club through the word of mouth. Any business is good to go once the customers are satisfied with the deliverables and they see value for money. By the year 2003, the club had opened up 20 branches across England with additional features like a Beauty centre, which was very popular with both, the male and female members. The problem starte d in the year 2004 with the initiation of the Sports centre facility, the directors increasing interference, bureaucracy, lack of autonomy for the management and complacency on part of the management towards the operational and customer service aspects of the business. The first sign was the failure of a club, which had opened up in the posh area of Kensington, London. The management was unable to understand the reasons for the lack of members despite heavy promotional campaigns. It was then observed that almost seven clubs had not enrolled new members over a period of three months. Finally the first Sports centre initiated at the Reading branch was showing blatant signs of failure. From a membership base of six professional athletes and 4 beginners, three beginners had already dropped out in the first month itself and the remaining members were considering giving up membership of the sports centre. All this had a combined effect on the revenue figures as well as dwindling profits in the first quarter of 2004. Fortunately the two directors realised that there were serious problems with the health club and leisure centre and a meeting was called upon with the entire management team across all clubs. A whirlwind strategic conference was organised, which lasted four days, and everyone realised that there was a need for introspection and change. The main problems identified during the conference were 1. Lack of Autonomy 2. Lack of focus on customer service 3. Lack of flexibility amongst management 4. Lack of improvisation tools to enhance business prospects 5. Lack of focus on new customers as well as old 6. Lack of personalisation, which had been a competitive advantage at one time The problem now was to understand and plan a strategy to combat all the problems listed above. Change is always a difficult proposition since it needs people to do something new, something they are not aware of and this especially since it takes them into an insecure environment. The framework involving strategic change might comprise the organisation structure, culture and skill set. When implementing plans for a change proposal, one needs to comprehend if the change runs as deep as the organisation structure and culture since the latter is a deep process which needs a lot of time, patience, acceptability and understanding. Peters and Watermans (1982) defined strategy as the core structure of change, strategy is the deliberate or emergent pattern of decisions which shape an organisations future and its fit within its environment. These decisions may involve changing the future scope and shape of activities or major areas of internal change aimed at protecting or enhancing capability. [Grundy Tony (1993), p 28] The changes at fitness first would not only need the management personnel who were part of the conference but also individuals who were contributing at one level or another at every branch. Each personnel needed to understand the extent of the problem and be willing to bring about the required change so that the organisation could once more progress towards growth, profitability and satisfied customers. Carnall (1986) is an important contributor to the process of managing change. As per Carnall, implementing change goes through a series of stages, which involve, denial, defence, discarding, adapting and internalising. Change needs very adept and fragile handling of people, according to Lewin (1935), the cycle of change spans a considerable amount of time, it depends on how fundamental or challenging the change is, also there is always some decline in performa nce in managers and thats what the change agents need to account for [Grundy Tony (1993), 40 46]. A change agent is the person in charge of bringing about the change process; the agent might be internal or external depending on the circumstances as well as the extent of change. This agent is a manager with special qualities, which will make him/her effective and successful in planning and executing the process. Charles Handy (1999) uses the ten roles defined by Mintzberg as a basis for making one understand the different roles of the manager. As leading personnel the manager needs to be a figurehead, leader and liaison, all these are interpersonal roles. In the capacity of an administrator, he/she needs to monitor, disseminate and be a spokesperson these are informational roles. Lastly as a fixator, he/she need to be an entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator and negotiator, these are decisional roles. Since the meeting at Fitness First, it was strategically de cided that each centre would be assigned a change agent who will be internal given the extent of the problem. The senior management, local teams and the directors based on a compilation of all the above qualities, mutually listed the change agents. Charles Handy brings in some interesting perspective on how organisations are, as much as people would like to view them as well-oiled machinery, they comprise of people. People from different backgrounds, cultures, lives, opinions and behaviour. All these people compete for resources, power, recognition and their own judgements. There will always be a difference of opinions, values and culture, each one would conflicts of priorities and goals, there are pressure groups and lobbies, cliques and cabals, rivalries and contests, clashes of personality and bonds of alliances. [Charles Handy (1999), p 209 210] Since the problems being faced at Fitness First were grave in appearance, the directors were very forthcoming in following a p articipative approach, from top to down in the organisation. They realised that the autonomy and right to exercise power in the individual sphere of the managers was a positive attribute, which had to return to the way the organisation functioned. As per Rosabeth Moss Kanter (1983), the participative approach is only taken when the change agents view the problem as internally driven, based on choice and responsiveness, rather than something which is imposed externally facing extreme resistance. The architecture of change needs an awareness of foundations, Rosabeth Moss Kanter (1983) an academic expert on change management states that the change agents need this history of relationships, coordination, mutual trust to learn from a successful story and imbibe the values in the new process. The art and architecture of change, also involves designing reports about the past to elicit the present actions required for the future [Rosabeth Moss Kanter (1983), p 288 290]. The build ing blocks of change can be easily interpreted from Quinns definition of managing strategic change, The most effective strategies of major enterprises tends to emerge step-by-step from an iterative process in which the organisation probes the future, experiments, and learns from a series of partial commitments rather than through global formulations of global strategies. Good managers are aware of this process, and they consciously intervene in it. They use it to improve the information available for decisions and to build to improve the information available for decisions and to build the psychological identification essential to successful strategies. Such logical incrementalism is not muddling as most people understand that word it honours and utilises the global analyses inherent in formal strategy formulation models and embraces the central tenets of the political or power-behavioural approaches to such decision making [Rosabeth Moss Kanter (1983), p 288 295]. The pro cess of change as defined by so many academics needs trust, loyalty and faith in the change agent who will lead the people involved through the process. The managerial style in organisations like Fitness First needs to change as part of the change management process. The hierarchical form needs to become more networked where people have access to information, there is informality, equality and there is lateral bottom up communication. Birchall and Lyons (1995), talk some more about the way businesses need to become more effective and efficient, as this will help in the change process, similar to fitness first businesses need to rethink the way work is being organised and executed. This is due to the changing demands of the customers, the expectations and aspirations of the employees; the transformation comes through with revamping of operations and by taking advantage of emerging possibilities. Expectations and communication brings us back to the way the change agents would draw personnel at Fitness First into rectifying the problems being faced by the organisation. Change is not always about something new; sometimes it is about going back to the foundation and grass root level of the origination of the business. Since the change was primarily internal, managing the expectations of the people involved about the quantity and quality of change would be very important. The people involved need to know that the change is being brought about within the structure and culture of the organisation to eventually benefit everyone by being part of a successful venture. Since the profits are dwindling, it does call for extreme measures, which people might not be expecting. The biggest fear amongst employees in the face of change is the insecurity of not having a job, these fears had to be allayed by the change agents at the earliest else the performance would dip to a large extent. The second step was to know expectations and then communicating the plan for managing and executing change in the way work was being handled. The final steps needed at Fitness First were 1. Changing the organisation structure in certain places depending on the agenda and need 2. Make the business more result oriented through customer satisfaction 3. Training for all personnel to understand customer relationship management 4. Motivate the employees through personal belief to work towards rectifying the problems 5. Open door communication policies to make operations transparent 6. Introduce annual reward management system for employees and customers A communication plan was the first step towards personnel involvement in the change process. When complacency sets in and people get comfortable with their surroundings, change mostly uproots them from this comfort zone and more often than not, the results are not very encouraging. The change agents brought into play an effective communication plan, which covered the scope of change, the effects and results. Since there was a need for restructuring, the involvement of people is necessary, listening and learning become prime to making it a success. The agent has to take people into confidence about how the change will affect them internally as well as externally, from the view point of the organisation as well as personally. Another important factor to be remembered by the change agents is the five-model process for managing change diagnosis, planning, implementation, control and learning. At fitness firs t the first two stages were near completion and the following three were moving at a parallel pace with the ensured commitment of the staff. According to Margaret Davis and David Weckler (1996), a major factor underpinning the success of failure of change is the capability of the organisation in question. Organisational capability is a big part of the organisations competitive advantage; it is also a reflection of its inherent flexibility, adaptability, and capacity to preserve single-mindedness, rationality despite all pressures, internal or external. Coming to fitness first, now that a detailed analysis of the organisation structure and resources was through with a new one in place, displacement of employees from their previous positions had to be dealt with patience. It is important to time and again bring in communication tools and enforce the change objective and what it does on a larger scale. The anxiety and insecurity need to be dealt with, once the commitment is pa rt of the change project, success is not difficult. Once the change agents had spent time, money and effort in designing the new organisation chart, it was important to see how well it could be implemented. This brought us to the three important ingredients of implementation communication, impact analysis and transition management. In this case the employees needed to know if the reporting system would be different, working in different divisions under different people would be a part of this transition. The customers needed to know if the services changed with this process in flow and if the representatives they dealt with earlier would also change. On all accounts, effective communication was introduced through a first ever group wide meeting being called to mitigate or absolve any doubts which might hinder the change process. The customers were dealt with newsletters and individual meetings as deemed appropriate. Fitness First change agents had devised a list of ripples t hese changes might create and so there were already back up resources and plans in place. Each Change Agent had accounted for a transition manager in their teams who would be responsible in overseeing that the transition took place as effectively and smoothly as possible. After long, fitness first had brought changes in the structure and introduced open communication channels; there was more autonomy in the organisation. This gave way to a common platform for employees to chip in ideas about growth potential and customer enrolment. The sports centre introduction was seen as a moderate expansion plan and so new associates and trainers were introduced to cater to the demands of upcoming talent. Apparently a talk with the old members revealed that they missed personal training regimes and a dedicated coach scenario, which led them to the decision of quitting membership. The introduction of the Customer Relationship Management program was an effective measure, which reintroduced one to one personal communication between members and the club centres. There was a monthly reward program for the most successful idea of the month; all these tools went a long way in hauling employee confidence, motivation and loyalty. The customers were also content and satisfied with the resurgence of these change measures, which showed responsiveness on part of the club towards their reaction and value. Customers always need to feel important and taken care of; this is the oldest adage for any successful business. To conclude the design of an organisation cannot be rigid. Given the current competitive environment and unpredictable markets, they need to be more in tune with the customers and changing business conditions. The only constant is change and so any organisation their structure and business processes need to be productive, flexible, adaptable and responsive to changing business needs. Fitness First was able to bring about internal changes which the manageme nt deemed fit, yet in the future there will always be need for more review processes to see when and where another change might be required. This was a learning lesson for fitness first, a platform for them to realise the need to become a learning organisation to stay abreast of competition and external environment. Senge (1990) introduced the concept of the learning organisation, one, which constantly reflects, understands, and evolves and changes based on internal and external conflicts and needs. All organisations need to imbibe the qualities of a learning organisation and the sooner they do o the better. Finally Change involves the interaction of a number if systems within an organisation. These may interact with one another in ways, which will either facilitate or inhibit change. A key factor in managing change effectively is to understand how these systems interact with one another. Openness to understanding these interdependencies is identified by Senge as being a cruci al part of the learning organisation [Handy Charles (1999), p 12 25].

Health Care Human Resource Management - 1546 Words

Health Care Human Resources Management It used to be that human resource was only thought of as the department who hires employees and safe keeps the clerical part of the organization. Human Resource is much more involved in the entire structure of the organization then just the clerical part of it. Human Resource Management (HRM) is the term used to describe formal systems devised for the management of people within an organization. The HRM department is responsible for three major areas including staffing, employee compensation and benefits and defining and designing work. HRM works for the benefit of the organization through managing its greatest business asset which is the employees. The task of managing employees of an†¦show more content†¦Most millennials want intergeneration participation. They want to feel like they are a part of something larger than themselves. Finally they prefer to be a part of a company whose work is centered on positive impact in the real world. Companies expect far more from the ir Human Resources than just maintaining completed paperwork of new employees and processing payroll. Human Recourses can become more of a strategic partner working along with senior management. Human Resources should seize the opportunity to become a more strategic leader in the direction of the organization. Human Resources has the skills and ability to provide direction related to the new employment trends and how best to keep a high skilled and competitive workforce. They should have a well-planned succession plan where they can provide direction on how to prepare employees for leadership roles. Human Resources should be on top of trends such as projected shortages or labor surplus that it does not have a great effect on the organization. They should be able to assure leadership that the facility can remain adequately staffed in light of any staffing shortages such as the recent shortages among registered nurses. 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